Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Open access Public peer review Article level metrics Moderate APCs
WES cover
Open access Public peer review Article level metrics Moderate APCs Financial support
Editor-in-chief: Carlo L. Bottasso
Chief editors: Sandrine Aubrun, Nicolaos A. Cutululis, Paul Fleming, Julia Gottschall, Athanasios Kolios, Jakob Mann & Paul Veers
eISSN: WES 2366-7451, WESD 2366-7621

Wind Energy Science is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of studies that take an interdisciplinary perspective of fundamental or pioneering research in wind energy.

Get engaged in the public peer review!

Follow the discussions on newly posted manuscripts and take part by commenting on WES preprints! Wind Energy Science has an innovative two-stage publication process involving the scientific discussion forum Wind Energy Science Discussions (WESD), which has been designed to maximize the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance and foster scientific discourse.

News

30 Jun 2026 The Norwegian University of Science and Technology partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new institutional agreement with Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). Please read more.

30 Jun 2026 The Norwegian University of Science and Technology partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new institutional agreement with Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). Please read more.

07 May 2026 Temporary unavailability of article and preprint PDFs due to technical issues

Since Tuesday, 5 May, 06:30 CET, we have been experiencing technical issues caused by high demand on our systems, which have significantly affected our journal libraries. To maintain platform stability and ensure continued access to critical services, all preprint and journal article PDFs were temporarily restricted, while HTML full-text content and XML files remained available. Since Thursday, 7 May, 08:30 CET, we have made the preprint PDFs available again; however, journal article PDFs remain restricted until the technical issues have been resolved. We apologize for the inconvenience and appreciate your patience as we work to restore full PDF access as quickly as possible. Thank you for your understanding.

07 May 2026 Temporary unavailability of article and preprint PDFs due to technical issues

Since Tuesday, 5 May, 06:30 CET, we have been experiencing technical issues caused by high demand on our systems, which have significantly affected our journal libraries. To maintain platform stability and ensure continued access to critical services, all preprint and journal article PDFs were temporarily restricted, while HTML full-text content and XML files remained available. Since Thursday, 7 May, 08:30 CET, we have made the preprint PDFs available again; however, journal article PDFs remain restricted until the technical issues have been resolved. We apologize for the inconvenience and appreciate your patience as we work to restore full PDF access as quickly as possible. Thank you for your understanding.

13 Feb 2026 University of Western Ontario partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new agreement with Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario, providing a 50% APC reduction for eligible corresponding authors submitting from 1 January 2026. Please read more.

13 Feb 2026 University of Western Ontario partners with Copernicus Publications to support open-access publishing

Copernicus Publications has signed a new agreement with Western Libraries at the University of Western Ontario, providing a 50% APC reduction for eligible corresponding authors submitting from 1 January 2026. Please read more.

News archive

Recent papers

27 Aug 2026
The TANDEM wake model: coupled turbulence and deficit momentum modeling in stratified atmospheric boundary layers
Kirby S. Heck and Michael F. Howland
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-149,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-149, 2026
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Short summary
27 Aug 2026
The AWAKEN wind farm benchmark – Part 2: Modeling results
Nicola Bodini, Patrick Moriarty, Regis Thedin, Paula Doubrawa, Cristina Archer, Myra Blaylock, Carlo Bottasso, Bruno Carmo, Lawrence Cheung, Camille Dubreuil, Rogier Floors, Thomas Herges, Daniel Houck, Ali Kanjari, Colleen M. Kaul, Christopher Kelley, Ru Li, Julie K. Lundquist, Desirae Major, Anh Kiet Nguyen, Mike Optis, Luan R. C. Parada, Alfredo Peña, Julian Quick, David Ricarte, William C. Radünz, Raj K. Rai, Oscar García-Santiago, Jonas Schulte, Knut S. Seim, M. Paul van der Laan, Kisorthman Vimalakanthan, and Adam Wise
Wind Energ. Sci., 11, 3107–3135, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3107-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3107-2026, 2026
Short summary
27 Aug 2026
On the effects of bat protection strategies on energy production and structural loads of wind farms
Vasilis Pettas, Tuhfe Göçmen, Thomas Duc, Andreas Vad, and Antonina Vukobrat
Wind Energ. Sci., 11, 3077–3105, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3077-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3077-2026, 2026
Short summary
27 Aug 2026
Transformer-Based Probabilistic Wind Power Prediction and Power Ramping Verification with Error Tolerance
Ruoke Meng, Joris Van den Bergh, Hossein Tabari, Piet Termonia, and Geert Smet
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-125,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-125, 2026
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
Short summary
26 Aug 2026
Airborne measurements for investigating offshore wind farm wakes and modifications of sea state – benefits and limitations
Astrid Lampert, Beatriz Cañadillas, Thomas Rausch, Lea Schmitt, Bughsin' Djath, Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth, Andreas Platis, Kjell zum Berge, Ines Schäfer, Jens Bange, Lukas Gruchot, Thomas Neumann, Martin Dörenkämper, Bernhard Stoevesandt, Julia Gottschall, Lukas Vollmer, Stefan Emeis, Mares Barekzai, Simon Siedersleben, Martin Kühn, Gerald Steinfeld, Detlev Heinemann, Joachim Peinke, Hendrik Heißelmann, Jörge Schneemann, Gabriele Centurelli, Philipp Waldmann, and Konrad Bärfuss
Wind Energ. Sci., 11, 3057–3075, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3057-2026,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3057-2026, 2026
Short summary

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Notice on APC invoices

In accordance with current European restrictions, Copernicus Publications does not step into business relations with and issue APC invoices (articles processing charges) to Russian and Belarusian institutions. The peer-review process and scientific exchange of our journals including preprint posting is not affected. However, these restrictions require that the first contact (contractual partner of Copernicus) has an affiliation and invoice address outside Russia or Belarus.